The inability of an individual's perception that everything that is done will not get the results or a situation where individuals are less able to control certain conditions or activities that has benefited. (Purwaningsih and Karbina, 2009).
Chronic disease can lead to death. Examples of chronic diseases are diabetes mellitus, tuberculosis, cancer and heart disease.
The conclusion from the above definition is a chronic disease that occurs in one in a long time will make the person be unable to do anything as usual.
According Wristht Le (1987) says that chronic disease has several properties which are:
1. Progression
Chronic disease that progressively got worse. Examples of heart disease.
2. Settle
Once a person develops the disease, then the disease will be settled on an individual. Examples of diabetes mellitus.
3. Relapse
Chronic diseases can arise at any time lost by the same or different conditions. Examples of arthritis.
Chronic disease and terminal conditions can cause a response Bio-Psycho-Social-Spiritual will include loss of response.
a. Loss of health
Response arising from the loss of a client's health may feel scared, anxious, and the view is not realistic, limited activity.
b. Loss of independence
Response arising from loss of independence can be demonstrated through a variety of behaviors, childish, dependent
c. Lose situation
Klen feel lost situation enjoyed everyday with family group
d. Losing a sense of comfort
Impaired sense of comfort emerged as a result of malfunctioning of the body such as heat, pain, etc.
e. Loss of physical function
Examples of the impact of loss of function of organs such as the client with renal failure should be assisted through hemodialysis
f. Loss of mental function
Impacts that may result from the loss of mental functions such as client experiencing anxiety and depression, unable to concentrate and think efficiently so that the client can not think rationally.
g. Loss of self-concept
Clients with chronic illnesses feel himself changing covers form and function so that clients can not think rationally (body image) and the role of identity. This can affect the idealism and self-esteem is low.
h. Loss of role in family and group.
Chronic Disease Nursing Care Concepts
Nursing care to patients with chronic illness include the nursing process of assessment, diagnosis and planning (Purwaningsih and KARTINA, 2009):
1. Assessment
At the nursing process assessment performed on the client, family, and the environment.
Assessment of the client
The things that need to be examined are:
1) emotional response to the client's diagnosis
2) The ability to express feelings of sadness to the situation
3) Efforts to clients in managing the situation
4) The ability to pick and choose treatment
5) Perceptions and expectations of the client
6) The ability to remember past
Assessment of the family
The things that need to be examined are:
1) The response to the client's family
2) Expression of emotions family and tolerance
3) The ability and strength of the family are known
4) The capacity and existing support systems
5) Understanding by the couple in connection with functional impairment
6) Identify the family saddened by the loss of the feelings and changes that occur
Assessmentof the environment
1) existing resources
2) the public stigma against normal and disease
3) Willingness to help meet the needs of
4) Availability of facilities partisifasi in nursing employment
Nursing Diagnosis
The nursing diagnoses generated from the assessment process clients with chronic disease is :
a. Denial is not a strong response associated with loss and change
b. Increased anxiety associated with the inability to express feelings
c. Body image disturbance associated with the impact of disease experienced
d. High risk of identity disorder related to the existence of barriers in sexual function
Planning
Objectives and interventions to clients with chronic illnesses are:
goals:
a. Clients can identify the response of the denial of reality
b. Clients can identify the feelings of anxiety
c. Clients want to build relationships with families and staff
d. Clients can accept the reality / his current state
e. Clients do not experience sexual dysfunction
Interventions to clients:
1) Give an opportunity for clients to express feelings of anxiety, anger frustration, and depression
2) Help clients to use constructive coping
3) Give a true and fair information
4) Assist the client to adapt to the environment
5) Give an explanation of the changes in sexual function experienced by the disease
6) Create an environment that supports healing
Interventions to families:
1) Help the family to identify strengths
2) Give information about the client and family are clearly
3) Help the family to recognize the needs of the client
4) Give motivation in the family to give attention to the client
5) Increase the status of the client's family hope
6) Optimize existing resources
7) Give clear information about the disease
8) Give motivation on the environment to assist clients in the healing process
9) Strive adequate health facilities in accordance with the conditions
Chronic disease can lead to death. Examples of chronic diseases are diabetes mellitus, tuberculosis, cancer and heart disease.
The conclusion from the above definition is a chronic disease that occurs in one in a long time will make the person be unable to do anything as usual.
According Wristht Le (1987) says that chronic disease has several properties which are:
1. Progression
Chronic disease that progressively got worse. Examples of heart disease.
2. Settle
Once a person develops the disease, then the disease will be settled on an individual. Examples of diabetes mellitus.
3. Relapse
Chronic diseases can arise at any time lost by the same or different conditions. Examples of arthritis.
Chronic disease and terminal conditions can cause a response Bio-Psycho-Social-Spiritual will include loss of response.
a. Loss of health
Response arising from the loss of a client's health may feel scared, anxious, and the view is not realistic, limited activity.
b. Loss of independence
Response arising from loss of independence can be demonstrated through a variety of behaviors, childish, dependent
c. Lose situation
Klen feel lost situation enjoyed everyday with family group
d. Losing a sense of comfort
Impaired sense of comfort emerged as a result of malfunctioning of the body such as heat, pain, etc.
e. Loss of physical function
Examples of the impact of loss of function of organs such as the client with renal failure should be assisted through hemodialysis
f. Loss of mental function
Impacts that may result from the loss of mental functions such as client experiencing anxiety and depression, unable to concentrate and think efficiently so that the client can not think rationally.
g. Loss of self-concept
Clients with chronic illnesses feel himself changing covers form and function so that clients can not think rationally (body image) and the role of identity. This can affect the idealism and self-esteem is low.
h. Loss of role in family and group.
Chronic Disease Nursing Care Concepts
Nursing care to patients with chronic illness include the nursing process of assessment, diagnosis and planning (Purwaningsih and KARTINA, 2009):
1. Assessment
At the nursing process assessment performed on the client, family, and the environment.
Assessment of the client
The things that need to be examined are:
1) emotional response to the client's diagnosis
2) The ability to express feelings of sadness to the situation
3) Efforts to clients in managing the situation
4) The ability to pick and choose treatment
5) Perceptions and expectations of the client
6) The ability to remember past
Assessment of the family
The things that need to be examined are:
1) The response to the client's family
2) Expression of emotions family and tolerance
3) The ability and strength of the family are known
4) The capacity and existing support systems
5) Understanding by the couple in connection with functional impairment
6) Identify the family saddened by the loss of the feelings and changes that occur
Assessmentof the environment
1) existing resources
2) the public stigma against normal and disease
3) Willingness to help meet the needs of
4) Availability of facilities partisifasi in nursing employment
Nursing Diagnosis
The nursing diagnoses generated from the assessment process clients with chronic disease is :
a. Denial is not a strong response associated with loss and change
b. Increased anxiety associated with the inability to express feelings
c. Body image disturbance associated with the impact of disease experienced
d. High risk of identity disorder related to the existence of barriers in sexual function
Planning
Objectives and interventions to clients with chronic illnesses are:
goals:
a. Clients can identify the response of the denial of reality
b. Clients can identify the feelings of anxiety
c. Clients want to build relationships with families and staff
d. Clients can accept the reality / his current state
e. Clients do not experience sexual dysfunction
Interventions to clients:
1) Give an opportunity for clients to express feelings of anxiety, anger frustration, and depression
2) Help clients to use constructive coping
3) Give a true and fair information
4) Assist the client to adapt to the environment
5) Give an explanation of the changes in sexual function experienced by the disease
6) Create an environment that supports healing
Interventions to families:
1) Help the family to identify strengths
2) Give information about the client and family are clearly
3) Help the family to recognize the needs of the client
4) Give motivation in the family to give attention to the client
5) Increase the status of the client's family hope
6) Optimize existing resources
7) Give clear information about the disease
8) Give motivation on the environment to assist clients in the healing process
9) Strive adequate health facilities in accordance with the conditions
